Where did it all begin?

Geometry began a very long time ago.  The first to really discover geometry was a man named Euclid.  He was so important that they named a specific type of geometry Euclidean Geometry.  Check out more about Euclid and his attributions to the math world on these sites :

http://explorable.com/euclid
http://www.knowswhy.com/why-is-euclid-the-father-of-geometry/

This is a summary of one of his books. It is a list of all the important theorems and postulates:

http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/java/elements/bookI/bookI.html